Status in Florida: Not native (introduced), cultivated, and naturalized in some areas. Can be invasive in some habitats.
Native Habitat: Western Asia and the Mediterranean region.
Native State, Country: Likely originated in the Middle East.
Growing Zones: 7 - 10 (can tolerate some frost, but young trees need protection)
Size at Maturity: 15 - 30 feet tall, 15 - 30 feet wide (can be kept smaller with pruning)
Phenology: Deciduous tree (or large shrub)
Life Cycle: Perennial
Growth Rate: Fast
Growth Habit: Spreading, rounded, often with a short trunk and multiple branches.
Bloom Season: Figs don't have showy flowers; the flowers are tiny and contained inside the fruit structure (the syconium). Figs can ripen throughout the growing season depending on the cultivar and climate.
Sunlight Requirements: Full sun (at least 6-8 hours per day)
Soil Texture: Adaptable, but prefers well-drained, loamy soils.
Soil pH: Slightly alkaline to neutral (pH 6.0 - 7.5)
Moisture Requirements: Average to dry. Drought tolerant once established.
Tolerance to Salt Spray: Moderate
Keystone Plant: No (not native)
Recommended Landscape Uses: Fruit tree, edible landscaping, ornamental tree, shade tree, espalier.
Maintenance Tips: Prune regularly to maintain shape and encourage fruit production. Protect young trees from frost. May need to control suckers.
Considerations: Produces delicious edible figs. Many cultivars are available with varying fruit colors and flavors. Can be messy due to fruit drop. Can become invasive in some areas.
Hurricane Wind Resistant: Moderate
Erosion Control: Yes, can help stabilize soil.
Nitrogen Fixing: No
Edible: Yes, the fruit is edible and widely enjoyed fresh, dried, or used in jams, preserves, and other culinary creations.
Pet Safe: Generally considered safe for pets.
Deer and Rabbit Resistance: Moderate
Historical Medicinal Uses: Figs have been used in traditional medicine for various ailments, including digestive and respiratory issues.
Florida Native Companion Plant: N/A (not native, but can be grown with other subtropical fruit trees like citrus or avocados)
Wildlife Benefit: Attracts birds and other wildlife that feed on the fruit.
Caterpillar Host Plant: No
Propagation: Cuttings, layering, air layering
Length of time Seed is Viable: Variable, but generally short-lived.
Best month to Start Seeds: Spring
Seed treatments: No special treatment needed, but soaking seeds in water for 24 hours before planting can improve germination.